Research on safety risk monitoring of urban rail transit operation based on blockchain

Abstract

The rapid urbanization-driven expansion of urban rail transit underscores the criticality of operational safety. Conventional centralized risk monitoring systems face limitations in data integrity and response latency. This study introduces a blockchain-based operational safety risk monitoring system, structured around 28 indicators spanning four dimensions: equipment failure, environmental factors, human operations, and structural safety. Leveraging blockchain technology, the proposed distributed architecture integrates data cleaning, feature engineering, standardization, and random forest algorithms for risk analysis. Empirical validation using Wuhan Metro Line 6 demonstrates superior performance over traditional systems in data tampering detection time, fault response speed, and false alarm rate. Future work includes expanding multi-source data fusion and optimizing smart contract triggers, while cross-regional consortium chains enhance operational management capabilities.