Design and Application of an Smart Unmanned Monitoring and Control System for River Algal Bloom Management

Abstract

Harmful algal blooms pose serious threats to aquatic ecosystems and public health, requiring new monitoring and intervention methods. This paper introduces a Smart USV system designed for autonomous monitoring and mitigation of algal blooms in rivers. The system combines a catamaran design with sensors, edge computing, and ultrasonic technology. Field tests show high removal efficiency of Microcystis aeruginosa and expanded monitoring coverage. LSTM models and adaptive algorithms improve intervention speed. Ultrasonic treatment efficacy varies by species, following first-order kinetics. Despite challenges with turbidity and communication, the system is a major step forward in sustainable water quality management, applicable to various aquatic environments.