Research on Key Technologies of Multi-Source Sensing Fusion for 6G

Abstract

 The shift to sixth-generation (6G) networks is about to go beyond the communication-centered model and become integrated infrastructures that combine sensing, computation, and intelligence. Multi-source sensing fusion is essential to this vision, as it seeks to integrate data from different nodes (satellites, aerial, and terrestrial) to create a comprehensive digital representation of the real world. Although current literature analyzes the technological landscape, a rigorous evaluation of the intrinsic tensions and operational impediments is rare. This paper not only examines important technologies such as Space-Air-Ground-Integrated Networks (SAGIN), cell-free Massive MIMO, and AI-driven algorithms, but also critically evaluates their challenges in terms of scalability, energy efficiency, and interoperability. It contends that the principal obstacles to realizing transformative applications (e.g., autonomous systems, digital twins) are not solely technical but systemic, including gaps in standardization, security vulnerabilities, and sustainability issues. The conclusion stresses that to overcome these problems, policies, security frameworks, and green technologies must all change simultaneously, along with hardware and algorithmic improvements.