The Principle and Application of the CRISPR-Cas9 System in Plants

Abstract

Plant diseases are one of the critical factors affecting crop growth. They significantly threaten global food security, so cultivating excellent, disease-resistant varieties is the most effective strategy. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology has gained significant attention since its discovery, as its simplicity and efficiency make it a necessary tool for molecular breeding. The paper examines the technical fundamentals and practical applications of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology in the field of plant science. It systematically summarizes its use in enhancing plant resistance to fungi, bacteria, and viruses. The main advantages and disadvantages of this technology, along with its prospects and challenges, were discussed to provide references for future research.