Integrating Electric Vehicle Batteries for Grid Load Management: Opportunities and Challenges in Peak Demand Reduction

Abstract

The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) in China has substantially increased the electricity load during peak hours, creating significant challenges for grid stability and energy distribution. This paper investigates the feasibility of integrating EV batteries into the grid infrastructure to mitigate peak-hour power demand pressures. Reviewing existing literature and analyzing market attitudes and control strategies, this study identifies key technical and consumer-related barriers, including battery degradation concerns and insufficient automation control technology. We further explore innovative methods such as smart charging algorithms, demand-response management, and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) systems, demonstrating their potential in optimizing energy utilization and preserving battery health. The findings underscore the need for technological advancements, regulatory incentives, and consumer engagement strategies to realize EV integration benefits fully. This approach provides practical implications for policymakers and industry stakeholders seeking sustainable and reliable power distribution solutions.