Generalized marginal problem in terms of multi-system Hermitian and positive semidefinite matrices

Abstract

We study the reduction from a bipartite Hermitian matrix H to two single-qubit reduced Hermitian matrices HA and HB and the inverse problem. The inverse problem extends the so-called marginal problem from quantum information theory. We explicitly obtain the expressions of the matrices mentioned above and then extend them to positive semidefinite matrices by showing several inequalities involving a few parameters from the matrices. We also extend our results to multi-quit matrices. Our study constructs the intimate connection between the generalized marginal problems in terms of Hermitian matrices and the traditional marginal problem in terms of positive semidefinite matrices.